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Exploring Galaxies: Measuring Distances in the Universe

Dive into the world of galaxies and astronomical units as you learn about stars, nebulae, and light years. Explore how the universe is expanding and different types of galaxies. Discover the vast distances measured in light years and astronomical units. Engage in guided instructions and questions to deepen your understanding of our solar system and galaxies.

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Exploring Galaxies: Measuring Distances in the Universe

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  1. Solar System Notes Measuring Up! Science Lesson 24 Galaxies

  2. California Standards 8.4.a: Students know galaxies are clusters of billions of stars and may have different shapes. 8.4.c: Students know how to use astronomical units and light years as measures of distances between the Sun, stars, and Earth.

  3. Language of the Discipline • A galaxy is a cluster of billions of stars and associated gas and dust in space that is bound by gravity. • A nebula is a large cloud of dust and gas where stars are born in space. • A light year is a unit of length equal to about 9.5 trillion kilometers. It is the distance that light can travel in one year. • An astronomical unit (AU) is the unit of length equal to the average distance from the Sun to the Earth.

  4. Measuring Up!Guided Instruction Read page 161 to the top of page 162 in the MU book.

  5. Guided Questions • How is the universe currently changing? • The universe is expanding. • What are galaxies made up of? • Groups of billions of stars and solar systems.

  6. Measuring Up!Guided Instruction Read the chart on page 162 in the MU book.

  7. Guided Questions • What kind of stars are often found in elliptical galaxies? • The oldest stars.

  8. Measuring Up!Guided Instruction Read the rest of page 162 in the MU book.

  9. Guided Questions • What is a light year? • The distance light travels in one year.

  10. More Guided Questions • List four kinds of galaxies. • spiral, elliptical, irregular, dwarf • How many astronomical units away are we from the Sun? • 1 AU • Approximately how many kilometers are in 2 light years? • 19 trillion kilometers

  11. Independent Practice: Read page 163 in the MU book. Complete the Apply questions in your packet. Complete the Assessment Practice in your packet.

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